LoRaWAN® Network Architecture

Flowing at 868 MHz, an end-to-end encrypted network.

OSOS's network architecture is not an outsourced component — from device firmware to gateway communication, and from the network server to platform integration, it is OSOS's own engineering. Every packet on its way from the meter to the AI is verifiable and encrypted at every step.

868 MHz
EU868 ISM band
Class A / C
End-device power profile
AES‑128
End-to-end encryption
%99,4
Industrial MQTT packet delivery rate
End-to-End Data Path

From meter to AI, five layers.

Every reading packet travels this path. The first hop is wireless (RF); every step after that is a TLS-encrypted backend connection.

868 MHz · RF 868 MHz uplink MQTTS · TLS 1.2+ MQTT API I‑METS Sensor + end device Gateway Network gateway Network Server Network server OSOS Platform Management software AI Decision support
The actual path a reading packet takes from the I‑METS device to the AI analysis engine. The lock icons mark the backend connections encrypted with TLS.
Physical Range

One gateway, an entire city.

This is where LoRaWAN's power comes from: a single gateway, at low power, covers a wide area on its own, cutting through buildings and city noise — the site is reached with a single communication point, not dozens.

OSOS Gateway Connected end device
For illustration purposes. Actual coverage varies with antenna height, terrain and urban density, and is verified by on-site measurement.
End-Device Profile

An energy/latency trade-off that adapts to the site.

OSOS modules can operate in two different LoRaWAN device classes, depending on the site's needs.

Class A — Energy-Saving

Preserves battery life for years.

Data transmission is bidirectional but happens on fixed periods. Two short receive windows open after each uplink, then the device returns to sleep mode. Preferred on sites that want to maximize battery life.

Class C — Continuous Listening

Enables instant intervention.

The device stays in continuous listening mode even when it is not transmitting data. This gives the system on-demand reading and instant remote intervention capability — for example, a valve command in seconds via I‑METS 80.

Security Architecture

A separate verification at every layer.

We don't rely on a single security measure — five independent layers, from network join to key generation.

  • 01

    AES‑128

    End-to-end encryption — the data packet is encrypted at every step, from the device to the platform.

  • 02

    OTAA

    Over‑The‑Air Activation — the device is re-authenticated on every network join; no static key is ever fixed.

  • 03

    TLS 1.2+ / mTLS

    Every backend connection, from the gateway to the network server and the platform, is encrypted with TLS.

  • 04

    Frame Counter

    Every packet is counted; replay attacks are blocked by the frame counter check.

  • 05

    HSM

    Key generation happens inside a hardware security module (HSM); keys never surface to the software layer.

Real Field Evidence

Not a claim — a measured signal.

The image below is live connection-quality data for a real device from the OSOS Platform — RSSI, SNR, and the gateway it is connected to.

osos-platform.com/kayip-kacak-analizi
Real communication/LoRaWAN telemetry panel from the OSOS Platform: RSSI -70 dBm, SNR 8.5 dB, connected gateway ID

Communication / LoRaWAN Panel

Every device's signal strength (RSSI), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and connected gateway ID are monitored in real time on the platform.

RSSI and SNR values let us verify the connection quality of every device on the site individually. A device with a weak signal is automatically flagged on the platform before the field team steps in.

RSSI monitoring SNR monitoring Gateway ID
Compliance

The network architecture is certified to industry-standard compliance.

LoRaWAN Alliance 1.0.x CE RoHS AES‑128 End-to-End Encryption TLS 1.2+ / mTLS
Next Step

Review the network architecture's technical documentation.

Request the technical documentation covering the frequency plan, security layers and integration details. Beyond the standard I‑METS product family, we also design and deploy fully custom, end-to-end LoRaWAN projects tailored to your site's specific requirements.